Question 1 What is a link-layer frame? A network layer datagram? A transport-layer segment? an application-layer message? Question 2 Is it possible for an application to enjoy reliable data transfer even when the application runs over UDP? If so, how? Question 3 Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3. Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also, suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x such as 223.1.17/24) that satisfy these constraints, and how the steps of how to obtain your answers. Question 4 Case study In this problem, you need to put together what you have learned about Internet protocols. Suppose you walk into a room outside CSU campuses, connect to Ethernet, and want to download Slides published in a Web page of the ITC 542 site in Interact 2. What are all the protocol steps that take place, starting from powering on your PC to getting the CSU Web page? Assume there is nothing in our DNS or browser caches when you power on your PC. (Hint: the steps include the use of Ethernet, DHCP, ARP, DNS, TCP, and HTTP protocols.) Explicitly indicate in your steps how you obtain the IP and MAC addresses of a gateway router. Answers with APA format and with references.
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