the essay should not exceed five pages (double spaced with normal fonts and margins) max 5 pages. I will grade your essay both on the substance of the answer and the quality of your writing.

Consider the USSC ruling in Shelby County vs. Holder (2013). Briefly describe the question before the court in this case. Based on your listening of the oral arguments before the court, what parts of both the petitioner (Shelby County) and respondent (US Attorney General Eric Holder, Jr.) do you find most convincing? What parts of petitioner and respondent arguments do you find least convincing? Your response should clearly indicate at what points in the oral arguments (2-27-2013) inform your response. You should cite these points in the following manner (Oral Argument, 13:27 – to capture a point, for example, made at the 13:27 mark of the recording.)

Finally, do you think the court’s ruling in Shelby County effectively gutted the VRA? Why or why not?

This is the syllabus and I attached most of the readings you might need.

9/9-9/13: Franchise in the Early Republic

9/16-9/20: Franchise in the 19th – 21th centuries

• Overview

US Constitution Article 1, Section 4

• Founding Era Suffrage

Chilton Williamson American Suffrage Chapter 4 Alexander Keyssar The Right to Vote Chapters 1&2

• Overview

US Constitution Amendments 15, 19, 23 and 26

• Gender and Race

Alexander Keyssar The Right to Vote Chapters 6&8

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (especially sections 2-5)

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 DOJ Historical Overview https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights- laws

Shelby County v. Holder 570 U.S. 2 (2013) read case summary and listen to 2/27/2013 oral arguments at https://www.oyez.org/cases/2012/12-96

• Alien Suffrage

Leon E. Aylesworth, “The Passing of Alien Suffrage,” American Political Science Review 25 (February, 1931): 114-116.

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