As a nurse practitioner, you prescribe medications for your patients. You make an error when prescribing medication to a 5-year-old patient. Rather than dosing him appropriately, you prescribe a dose suitable for an adult. Photo Credit: Getty Images/Ingram Publishing Week 1: Basic Pharmacotherapeutic Concepts/Ethical and Legal Aspects of Prescribing How do beta-blockers work? What exactly do antibiotics do to the bacteria they target? What effects does an anti-depressant have on blood flow? Questions like these are related to the underlying pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of pharmacotherapeutics. As an advanced practice nurse, understanding these fundamental pharmacotherapeutic concepts is important to ensure that the prescription drugs you recommend for your patients will be safe and effective to treat and/or manage their symptoms. Additionally, as the advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to ensure that when prescribing prescription drugs, you adhere to the ethical and legal principles set forth for prescribing drugs as an added layer of protection and safety for the patients you will treat. This week, you will analyze factors that may influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics processes of a patient and assess the details of a personalized plan of care that you develop based on influencing factors and patient history. You will also evaluate and analyze ethical and legal implications and practices related to prescribing drugs, including disclosure and nondisclosure, and analyze the process of writing prescriptions to avoid medication errors. Learning Objectives Students will: Analyze factors that influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in patients Assess patient factors and history to develop personalized plans of care Evaluate ethical and legal implications related to prescribing drugs Analyze ethical and legal practices of prescribing drugs Analyze strategies to address disclosure and nondisclosure Justify advanced practice nurse strategies to guide prescription drug decision-making Analyze the process of writing prescriptions to avoid medication errors Learning Resources Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. · Chapter 1, “Prescriptive Authority” (pp. 1–3) · Chapter 2, “Rational Drug Selection and Prescription Writing” (pp. 4–7) · Chapter 3, “Promoting Positive Outcomes of Drug Therapy” (pp. 8–12) · Chapter 4, “Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions” (pp. 13–33) · Chapter 5, “Adverse Drug Reactions and Medication Errors” (pp. 34–42) · Chapter 6, “Individual Variation in Drug Response” (pp. 43–45) American Geriatrics Society 2019 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. (2019). American Geriatrics Society 2019 updated AGS Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67 (4), 674–694. doi:10.1111/jgs.15767 American Geriatrics Society 2019 updated AGS Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults by American Geriatrics Society, in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Vol. 67/Issue 4. Copyright 2019 by Blackwell Publishing. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishing via the Copyright Clearance Center. This article is an update to the Beers Criteria, which includes lists of potentially inappropriate medications to be avoided in older adults as well as newly added criteria that lists select drugs that should be avoided or have their dose adjusted based on the individual’s kidney function and select drug-drug interactions documented to be associated with harms in older adults. Drug Enforcement Administration. (n.d.-a). Code of federal regulations. Retrieved February 1, 2019, from https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/cfr/1300/1300_01.htm This website o…
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